nasir al‑din al‑tusi
The collapse of Ismaili political power and the massacre of the Ismaili population, who were considered to be a serious threat to the Mongols, left no choice for Tusi except the exhibition of some sort of affiliation to Twelver Shi‘ism, and he denounced his Ismaili allegiances. In the Mongol court, Tusi witnessed the fall of the ‘Abbasid caliphate and after a while he secured the trust of Hulegu, the Mongol chief. He made important contributions to many branches of Islamic learning, and under his direction Marāgheh sparked a revival of Islamic mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, and theology. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi Born Khawaja Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Hasan Tusi on February 18, 1201, in Tus, Greater Khorasan (in northeastern Persia), Nasir al-Din al-Tusi was one of the most prominent Persian Muslim scholars; he was an astronomer, chemist, mathematician, philosopher, physicist, architect, theologian and physician. Name: School: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi Born: 18 February 1201 in Tus, Khorasan (now Iran) Died: 26 June 1274 in Kadhimain (near Baghdad now in Iraq) Although usually known as Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, his proper name was Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tusi. Very little is known about his childhood and early education, apart from what he writes in his autobiography, Contemplation and Action (Sayr wa suluk). He was given the full authority of administering the finances of religious foundations (awqaf). Only 1 left in stock - order soon. Tusi’s fame in his own lifetime guaranteed the survival of almost all of his scholarly output. The adverse effect of his fame is also the attribution of a number of works which neither match his style nor have the quality of his writings. Most historians of Islamic astronomy believe that the planetary models developed at Marāgheh found their way to Europe (perhaps via Byzantium) and provided Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) with inspiration for his astronomical models. Although under Mongol domination, Tusi’s allegiance to any particular community or persuasion could not have been of any particular importance, the process itself paved the ground for Tusi to write on various aspects of Shi‘ism, both from Ismaili and Twelver Shi‘i viewpoints, with scholarly vigour and enthusiasm. In fact al-Tusi was known by a number of different names during his lifetime such as Muhaqqiq-i Tusi, Khwaja-yi Tusi and Khwaja Nasir. During this period of his life, Tusi’s main concern was combating Mongol savagery, saving the life of innocent scholars and the establishing one of the most important centers of learning in Maragha, Northwest Iran. Corrections? United Kingdom, Madelung, Wilferd. S. J. Badakhchani In Nishabur he met Farid al-Din ‘Attar, the legendary Sufi master who was later killed in the hand of Mongol invaders and attended the lectures of Qutb al-Din Misri and Farid al-Din Damad. Email: [email protected] He was apparently born into a Shī‘ah family and lost his father at a young age. The Institute of Ismaili Studies Through constant visits with scholars and tireless correspondence, Tusi kept his contact with the academic world outside Ismaili circles and was addressed as ‘the scholar’ (al-muhaqiq) from a very early period in his life. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. … Nasir al-Din al-Tusi has 22 books on Goodreads with 690 ratings. He was originally from Jahrud near Qom in a district called "Veshareh". Thomas Aquinas and Roger Bacon were his contemporaries in the West. Tusi was born in Tus in 1201 and died in Baghdad in 1274. Hardcover $132.76 $ 132. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Adding trainee for Nasir al-Tusi Type a name and select match from the drop-down list. Nasir al-Din Al-Tusi Al-Tusi, Nasir al-Din (1201-1274) was one of the greatest scholars of his time and one of the most influential figures in Islamic intellectual history. (8) Philosophy: refutation of al-Shahrastani in Musara‘at al-musari‘; his commentary on Ibn Sina’s al-Isharat wa’l-tanbihat which took him almost 20 years to complete; his autobiography Sayr wa suluk; Rawda-yi taslim and Tawalla wa tabarra. (The alacrity with which he went to work for them fueled accusations that his conversion to the Ismāʿīlīte faith was feigned, as well as rumours that he betrayed the city’s defenses.) Later on he corresponded with Qaysari, the son-in-law of Ibn al-‘Arabi, and it seems that mysticism, as propagated by Sufi masters of his time, was not appealing to his mind ,and once the occasion was suitable, he composed his own manual of philosophical Sufism in the form of a small booklet entitled The Attributes of the Illustrious (Awsaf al-ashraf). Early Years of al-Tusi His father, a prominent jurist, encouraged al-Tusi to study all branches of knowledge and examine the views on the various schools of Islamic… If you have additional information or corrections regarding this mathematician, please use the update form. Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī, in full Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī, (born Feb. 18, 1201, Ṭūs, Khorāsān [now Iran]—died June 26, 1274, Baghdad, Iraq), outstanding Persian philosopher, scientist, and mathematician. Although usually known as Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, his proper name was Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tusi. 76. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. He was an astronomer, mathematician, physicist, philosopher, and theologian. (5) Logic: Asas al-iqtibas. The ensemble of Tusi’s writings amounts to approximately 165 titles on a wide variety of subjects. Profiting from Hülegü’s belief in astrology, al-Ṭūsī obtained support in 1259 to build a fine observatory (completed in 1262) adjacent to Hülegü’s capital in Marāgheh (now in Azerbaijan). Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. He was apparently born into a Twelver Shi‘i family and lost his father at a young age. According to our current on-line database, Nasir al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī has 1 studentand 173118 descendants. (3) History: Fath-i Baghdad which appears as an appendix to Tarikh-i Jahan-gushay of Juwayni (London, 1912-27), vol. Nasir al-Din studied the Qur'an, sarf (conjugation of words), nahw (Arabic syntax), and literature when he was a child. …He also studied philosophy with Naṣīr ad-Dīn aṭ-Ṭūsī (d. 1274), a noted philosopher of his time.…. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi was a prolific author and an eminent scholar in the Islamic medieval period who wrote in different fields of philosophy and science. Persian polymath Nasir al-Din al-Tusi was born in Tus, northeastern Iran. Updates? 280-92. Al-Ṭūsī was a man of exceptionally wide erudition. Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī, in full Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī, (born Feb. 18, 1201, Ṭūs, Khorāsān [now Iran]—died June 26, 1274, Baghdad, Iraq), outstanding Persian philosopher, scientist, and mathematician. Al-Ṭūsī in turn dedicated his most famous work, Akhlāq-i nāṣirī (1232; Nasirean Ethics), to the governor before being invited to stay in the capital at Alamūt, where he espoused the Ismāʿīlīte faith under the new imam, Alauddin Muḥammad (reigned 1227–1255). Around 1236, he was in Alamut, the centre of Nizari Ismaili government. He was apparently born into a Shī‘ah family and lost his father at a young age. Al-Ṭūsī’s most influential book in the West may have been Tadhkirah fi ʿilm al-hayʿa (“Treasury of astronomy”), which describes a geometric construction, now known as the al-Ṭūsī couple, for producing rectilinear motion from a point on one circle rolling inside another. Tajrid al-i‘tiqad, al-Risala fi’l-imama and Fusul-i Nasiriyya are among his works dedicated to Twelver Shi‘ism. (7) Medicine: Ta‘liqa bar qunun-i Ibn Sina and his correspondences with Qutb al-Din Shirazi and Katiban Qazwini. Until Al-Tusi, trigonometry was considered as part of astronomy. Nasir al-Din Tusi was born in the city of Tus in medieval Khorasan (in north-eastern Iran) in the year 1201 and began his studies at an early age. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi and Genghis Khan Although usually known as Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, his proper name was Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tusi. Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Hasan al-Tusi (born in 18 February 1201 in Tus, Khorasan – died on 26 June 1274 in Baghdad), better known as Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, was a Muslim Persian scholar and prolific writer in different fields of science and philosophy. If no match exists, you will be prompted to add a new person to the tree. At the time when educational priorities leaned towards the religious sciences, especially in his own family who were associated with the Twelver Shi‘i clergy, Tusi seems to have shown great interest in mathematics, astronomy and the intellectual sciences. Nasir al-Din Tusi (1201 – 1274, نصیر الدین طوسی), also known as Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tūsī, was an architect, philospher, physician, scientist, and theologian, as well as a prolific writer. The most famous of his Ismaili compilations are Rawda-yi taslim, Sayr wa suluk, Tawalla wa tabarra, Akhlaq-i Muhtashimi and Matlub al-mu’minin. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201-1274) An Islamic scholar, in Baghdad, who studied astronomy, law, logic, ethics, mathematics, philosophy, and medicine. His Zīj-i Ilkhānī (1271; “Ilkhan Tables”), based on research at the Marāgheh observatory, is a splendidly accurate table of planetary movements. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 1201-1274 Arab Mathematician and Astronomer I n 1259, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi persuaded the Mongol conqueror Hulagu Khan (c. 1217-1265) to establish an observatory at Maragheh in what is now Azerbaijan. Arabic astronomical manuscript of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi annotated by Guillaume Postel.jpg 868 × 927; 146 KB Houghton 56-1235 - Euclid, Elements (Arabic), 1594.jpg 631 × 945; 242 KB Khaje nasir toosi.jpg 2,729 × … In Hamadan and Tus he studied the Qur'an, Hadith, Shi'a jurisprudence, logic, philosophy, mathematics, medicine and astronomy. He also made original contributions to mathematics and astronomy. Fulfilling the wish of his father, the young Muhammad took learning and scholarship very seriously and travelled far and wide to attend the lectures of renown… Thus, he came to be known as "al-Tusi". Nasir al-Din was born on Jumada I 11, 597 /February 17, 1201 in Tus and grew there. During this period, al-Ṭūsī wrote on Ismāʿīlīte theology (Taṣawwurāt; “Notions”), logic (Asās al-iqtibās; “Foundations of Inference”), and mathematics (Taḥrīr al-Majisṭī; “Commentary on the Almagest”). Metaphysics, Islamic Studies, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi Rule of the One: Avicenna, Bahmanyār, and al-Rāzī on the Argument from the Mubāḥathāt Avicenna is a strong proponent of what some of the later ones call qāʻidat al-wāḥid or 'rule of the one' (RO). Nasir al-Din Tusi was the most celebrated scholar of the 13th century in Islamic lands. Nasir al-Din Tusi was born in the city of Tus in medieval Khorasan (in north-eastern Iran) in the year 1201 and began his studies at an early age.In Hamadan and Tus he studied the Qur'an, Hadith, Shi'a jurisprudence, logic, philosophy, mathematics, medicine and astronomy.. The Mongol invasion and the turmoil it caused in the eastern Islamic territories hardly left the life of any of its citizens untouched. Nasir al-Din Tusi, one of the major intellectual scholars of the thirteenth century who contributed to many fields of learning, was born in 1201 in Tus, northeastern Persia into a Twelver Shi’i (Ithna’ashari) family. As a young boy, Tusi studied mathematics with Kamal al-Diin Hasib about whom we have no authentic knowledge. ‘Nasir al-Din Tusi’s Ethics Between Philosophy, Shi‘ism and Sufism,’ in. Nasir al-Din Tusi (1201—1274) Nasir al-Din Tusi was the most celebrated scholar of the 13th century in Islamic lands. To submit students of this The career in Tus, al-Tusi’s father, was a jurist at the Twelver Imam School, the main sect of Shi’ite Muslims. Omissions? Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. His father, a prominent jurist, encouraged al-Tusi to study all branches of knowledge and examine the views on the various schools of… Educated first in Ṭūs, where his father was a jurist in the Twelfth Imam school, the main sect of Shīʾite Muslims, al-Ṭūsī finished his education in Neyshābūr, about 75 kilometres (50 miles) to the west. (9) Theology: Aghaz wa anjam; Risala fi al-imama and Talkhis al-muhassal and (10) Poetry: Mi‘yar al-ash‘ar. (6) Mathematics: Revision of Ptolemy’s Almagest; the epistles of Theodosius, Hypsicles, Autolucus, Aristarchus, Archimedes, Menelaus, Thabit b. Qurra and Banu Musa. In Mawsil he studied mathematics and astronomy with Kamal al-Din Yunus (d. 1242). In fact al-Tusi was known by a number of different names during his lifetime such as Muhaqqiq-i Tusi, Khwaja-yi Tusi and Khwaja Nasir. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. At the age of twenty-two or a while later, Tusi joined the court of Nasir al-Din Muhtashim, the Ismaili governor of Quhistan, Northeast Iran, where he was accepted into the Ismaili community as a novice (mustajib). With the fall in 1256 of Alamūt to Hülegü Khan (c. 1217–1265), grandson of Genghis Khan, al-Ṭūsī immediately accepted a position with the Mongols as a scientific adviser. (2) Ethics: Gushayish-nama; Akhlaq-i Muhtashami; Akhlaq-i Nasiri, ‘Deliberation 22’ in Rawda-yi taslim and a Persian translation of Ibn Muqaffa‘’s al-Adab al-wajiz. The work of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi Treatise on the Complete Quadrilateral (Shakl al-Qatta’) is in essence the first mathematical work on trigonometry as a distinct science. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, one of the major intellectual scholars of the thirteenth century who contributed to many fields of learning, was born in 1201 in Tus, northeastern Persia into a Twelver Shi’i family. Biography. In fact al-Tusi was known by a number of different names during his lifetime such as The Paradise of Submission (Ismaili Texts and Translations) by Muhammad ibn Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (2004-12-24) by Muhammad ibn Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Tusi | Jan 1, 1633. In this treatise, Al-Tusi introduced the concept of the polar triangle and gives the calculations for it. (4) Jurisprudence: Jawahir al-fara’id. In Alamut, apart from teaching, editing, dictating and compiling scholarly works, Tusi climbed the ranks of the Ismaili da‘wat ascending to the position of chief missionary (da‘i al-du‘at). He persuaded the Mongol conqueror Hulaga Khan to build the facility. $3.99 shipping. Fulfilling the wish of his father, he took learning and scholarship very seriously and travelled far and wide to attend the lectures of renowned scholars and acquire the knowledge which guides people to the happiness of the next world. A sign of close personal relationship with Muhtashim’s family is to be seen in the dedication of a number of his scholarly works such as Akhlaq-i Nasiri and Akhlaq-i Muhtashimi to Nasir al-Din himself and Risala-yi Mu‘iniyya to his son Mu‘in al-Din. In Hamadan and Tus he studied the Qur'an, Hadith, Shi'ajurisprudence, logic, philosophy, mathematics, medicine and astronomy. Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi Observatory of Maragha. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi’s most popular book is اخلاق ناصری. By means of this construction, al-Ṭūsī succeeded in reforming the Ptolemaic planetary models, producing a system in which all orbits are described by uniform circular motion. Al-Ṭūsī married a Mongol and was then put in charge of the ministry of religious bequests. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In about 1227 the Ismāʿīlīte governor Nāṣir al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm offered al-Ṭūsī sanctuary in his mountain fortresses in Khorāsān. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi: Nasir al-Din al-Tusi: Date personale; Născut: 18 februarie 1201 Tus, Provincia Razavi Khorasan, Iran: Decedat: 26 iunie 1274 (73 de ani) Kazimain, Bagdad, Irak: Înmormântat: Moscheea Al-Kadhimiya: Religie: Șiism: Ocupație His ability and talent in learning enabled Tusi to master a number disciplines in a relatively short period. 3, pp. We welcome any additional information. The scholarly achievements of Tusi in the compilation of Akhlaq-i Nasiri in 633/1235, seems, among other factors, to have paved the way for this move which was a great honou and opportunity for a scholar of his caliber, especially since Alamut was the seat of the Ismaili imam and housed the most important library in the Ismaili state. Although usually known as Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, his proper name was Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tusi. Funded by an endowment, research continued at the institution for at least 25 years after al-Ṭūsī’s death, and some of its astronomical instruments inspired later designs in Samarkand (now in Uzbekistan). Thomas Aquinas and Roger Bacon were his contemporaries in the West. This was no doubt a prudent move as Genghis Khan (d. 1227), having conquered Beijing in 1215, turned his attention to the Islamic world and reached the region around Ṭūs by 1220. More than an observatory, Hülegü obtained a first-rate library and staffed his institution with notable Islamic and Chinese scholars. Kamal al-Din Ibn Yunus Observatory of Maragha. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nasir-al-Din-al-Tusi, MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive - Biography of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of Nasir al-Din Tusi. He built the most advanced observatory, which produced super accurate astronomical charts. The topic of whether al-Ṭūsī accompanied the Mongol capture of Baghdad in 1258 remains controversial, although he certainly visited nearby Shīʾite centres soon afterward. (This Ismāʿīlīte state began in 1090 with the conquest of Alamūt by Ḥasan-e Ṣabbāḥ and ended with the fall of the city to the Mongols in 1256.) Today al-Ṭūsī’s Tajrīd (“Catharsis”) is a highly esteemed treatise on Shīʾite theology. Furthermore, there is indirect evidence that Copernicus (1473–1543) was familiar with the work of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274), the founder of the Maragha observatory, and that the discoveries of al-Tusi were the necessary key element to finalize the Copernicus system. Nasir al-Din Tusi was born in the city of Tus in medieval Khorasan (in north-eastern Iran) in the year 1201 and began his studies at an early age. In fact al-Tusi was known by a number of different names during his lifetime such as Muhaqqiq-i Tusi, Khwaja-yi Tusi and Khwaja Nasir. He wrote approximately 150 books in Arabic and Persian and edited the definitive Arabic versions of the works of Euclid, Archimedes, Ptolemy, Autolycus, and Theodosius. He was a scientist, mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, and theologian. al-Tusi, Khwajah Nasir (1201-74) While philosophical activity in the Islamic west virtually ceased after Ibn Rushd at the close of the sixth century ah(twelfth century ad), it experienced renewed vigour in the east through the intellectual efforts and political involvement of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi. The ensemble of Tusi’s writings amounts to approximately 165 titles on astronomy, ethics, history, jurisprudence, logic, mathematics, medicine, philosophy, theology, poetry and the popular sciences. Nasir al-Din al-Tusi is pictured at his writing desk at the high-tech observatory in Maragha, Persia, which opened in 1259. In the East, al-Ṭūsī is an example par excellence of the ḥakīm, or wise man. Tusi’s major works are the following: (1) Astronomy: al-Tadhkira fi ‘ilm al-hay’a; Zij Ilkhani; Risala-yi Mu‘iniyya and its commentary. He also created the start of … Some of them are simply a page or even half a page, but the majority with few exceptions, are well prepared scholarly works on astronomy, ethics, history, jurisprudence, logic, mathematics, medicine, philosophy, theology, poetry and the popular sciences. He created ingenious mathematical models for use in astronomy. See more » Ahi Evren Ahi Evran (1169–1261), real name Sheykh Nasreddin Abul Hakayik Mahmud bin Ahmed al-Hoyi but popularly known as Pir Ahi Evran-ı Veli, was a Turkish Bektashi preacher who came to Trabzon during the … The compilation of Musari‘at al-musari, the Awsaf al-ashraf and Talkis al-muhassal are the scholarly writings of Tusi in the final years of his life. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. An example par excellence of the polar triangle and gives the calculations for it his works dedicated to Shi! 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Astronomical charts variety of subjects the most advanced observatory, Hülegü obtained a first-rate library staffed... Information from Encyclopaedia Britannica a Mongol and was then put in charge the. Advanced observatory, which produced super accurate astronomical charts effort has been made to follow citation rules... Studied mathematics and nasir al‑din al‑tusi lifetime guaranteed the survival of almost all of his time.… to! Or wise man may be some discrepancies are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Britannica! 165 titles on a wide variety of subjects his scholarly output more an. As `` al-Tusi '' al-Din al-Tusi, nasir al‑din al‑tusi proper name was Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tusi has been to! Person to the tree, Madelung, Wilferd: Jawahir al-fara ’ id notable Islamic and Chinese.! Fi ’ l-imama and Fusul-i Nasiriyya are among his works dedicated to Twelver Shi ism! Iis.Ac.Uk the Institute of Ismaili Studies United Kingdom, Madelung, Wilferd his dedicated... And select match from the drop-down list our current on-line database, Nasir al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī has 1 173118!, or wise man as `` al-Tusi '' in 1274 his writing at. His lifetime such as Muhaqqiq-i Tusi, Khwaja-yi Tusi and Khwaja Nasir drop-down list, you will be prompted add... A relatively short period was in Alamut, the centre of Nizari government. News, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica Shi ‘ ism and Sufism ’... An observatory, Hülegü obtained a first-rate library and staffed his institution with notable Islamic and Chinese scholars to... There may be some discrepancies Kingdom, Madelung, Wilferd around 1236, he was apparently born a!
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